This third lesson continues to teach Friulian through Lis predicjis dal muini by Josef Marchet. Going forward, the portion of text to be studied will not be provided here, unless it is short. Follow the links in Learning Friulian 1 to read the entire book in PDF form and to listen to the audio, made available by the Societât Filologjiche Furlane.
The Friulian notes below relate to the first two sentences of the second paragraph of the Preambul, which begin with o sin usâts and end with cence baronade.
FRIULIAN NOTES
Preambul: paragraph 2, sentence 1.
O sin usâts a [...]: we are used to. Jessi usât a: to be used to. Consider: o soi usât a (I am used to; masculine singular); o soi usade a (I am used to; feminine singular); o sin usâts a (we are used to; masculine plural); o sin usadis a (we are used to; feminine plural). The masculine plural usâts is pronounced usâs. In western variants of Friulian, be prepared to hear i soi and i sin in place of o soi and o sin.
Une forme di retoriche a bon presit: a form of cheap rhetoric. In Friulian variants preferring to end words in a rather than e, such as western ones, the form una forma di retorica would instead be used, which is indistinguishable from Italian. A bon presit: cheap. The adjective bon means good, whereas the masculine noun presit means price. When the letter s comes between vowels, it is voiced, which means that the s of presit sounds like the first letter of the English words zoo, zinc, zeal. Listen to the audio to hear it pronounced.
Puartâ adalt: to exalt. Puartâ means to bring, to carry, to bear. Adalt means up, upwards. Une forme [...] che e puarte adalt: a form [...] that exalts. E is used because une forme is a feminine singular subject. Had the subject been masculine singular, for instance: il libri (the book), then al would be used instead: il libri che al puarte adalt (the book that exalts). In the plural, whether masculine or feminine, a is used, with the verb set in the plural: i libris che a puartin adalt (the books that exalt).
Tant il nestri paîs che il nestri popul: both our country and our people. The masculine noun paîs can mean either country or village in Friulian. Nestri means our; it is used with the definite article of the noun that it modifies and changes form accordingly. Consider: il nestri difiet (our flaw); i nestris difiets (our flaws); la nestre forme di retoriche (our form of rhetoric); lis nestris formis di retoriche (our forms of rhetoric). Tant [...] che [...]: both [...] and [...].
Parsore di ducj chei altris vicins e lontans: above all others, near and far. Parsore di: above. Ducj chei altris: all others, all the others; literally, all those others. The forms of altri (other) are: altri (masculine singular); altre (feminine singular); altris (masculine plural); altris (feminine plural). Many Friulians drop the l of this adjective when speaking: atri, atre (or atra in western variants), atris. Vicin: near, nearby. Lontan: far, faraway. The masculine plural forms vicins and lontans are used to agree in number and gender with ducj chei altris. In western variants of Friulian, vicin may instead be pronounced vissin. For instance, rather than une citât vicine (a nearby city), you may hear una sitât vissina. Similarly: une citât lontane, una sitât lontana (a faraway city).
Preambul: paragraph 2, sentence 2.
Chest al è il dret: this is the front side. Il dret is the front-facing side, in opposition to il ledrôs, which is the back-facing side, studied previously. The Friulian for this is: chest (masculine singular); cheste (feminine singular); and the Friulian for these is: chescj (masculine plural); chestis (feminine plural). Consider: chest om, chel om (this man, that man); cheste femine, chê femine (this woman, that woman); chescj oms, chei oms (these men, those men); chestis feminis, chês feminis (these women, those women).
Ma e vûl metude in cont ancje chê altre muse: but the other face also needs to be taken into account. Ma: but. Meti in cont: to take into account. Metût in cont: taken into account. Ancje: also. La muse: the face. Chê altre muse: the other face; literally, that other face. E vûl is the feminine, third-person singular of the present tense of volê (to want); it agrees here with chê altre muse, feminine singular. Compare the following: al vûl metût in cont (masculine singular); e vûl metude in cont (feminine singular), both meaning it needs to be taken into account. Another example: al vûl metût in cont ancje chel altri probleme (the other problem also needs to be taken into account). Probleme may look like a feminine noun because of its e ending, but it is indeed masculine.
Bisugne vê la fuarce di cjalâ dut cence parevoi: one must have the strength to observe eveything without blinders. Bisugne: one must, you have to. Vê la fuarce: to have the strength. Cjalâ: to observe, to look at. Cence parevoi: without blinders. I parevoi are the blinders (or blinkers) worn by horses to limit their vision. Cence parevoi is used figuratively here to mean that one must see things with a full view to how they really are.
Pesâ dut cence baronade: to weigh everything without mischief, which is to say, to consider everything in an honest manner. In other variants of Friulian, such as western ones, be prepared to hear cence (without) said as sensa.
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