This is the tenth lesson in the learning Friulian series using the book Lis predicjis dal muini by Josef Marchet. Follow the links in Learn Friulian 1 to read the entire book in PDF form and to listen to the audio, available online courtesy of the Societât Filologjiche Furlane.
The Friulian notes below relate to the first four sentences of the fifth paragraph of the Preambul, which begin with Vigji al fâs and end with pevar e asêt.
FRIULIAN NOTES
Preambul: paragraph 5, sentence 1.
Vocabulary: fâ il muini (to be a sacristan); sore nuie (for free); une scuse (excuse); cun chê scuse (with that excuse); sintîsi (to feel); prin (first, main, prime); une autoritât (authority); un paîs (village).
Al fâs (he does, he makes) is the masculine, third-person singular of the present indicative of fâ (to do, to make); the feminine equivalent is e fâs (she does, she makes). Study: al fâs il muredôr (he is a bricklayer); al fâs il plevan (he is a parish priest); al fâs il marangon (he is a carpenter); al fâs il soldât (he is a soldier); e fâs la mestre (she is a teacher). To rephrase these in first-person singular, use o fâs instead: o fâs il muredôr (I am a bricklayer). In some variants of Friulian, i fai is used instead of o fâs. We read that Vigji acts as sacristan for free: sore nuie. Si sint (he feels, she feels) is the third-person singular of the present indicative of sintîsi (to feel). In the standard language, al and e drop in the presence of si; some variants may retain them. Because Vigji does his work for free, he feels like the prime authority of the village.
Preambul: paragraph 5, sentence 2.
Vocabulary: la sere (evening); prin di (before); la fieste (feast day, holiday); lâ jù (to go down); il plevan (parish priest); cjapâ (to take); un ordin (order); pal indoman (for the next day); comandâ (to instruct); publicâ (to publish); in glesie (in the church); un orari (schedule); la messe (mass); une funzion (service); un avîs (notice); cualchi altri avîs (a few other notices).
Both prin di and prime di are used in Friulian to mean before; either one can be used. Examples: prin de messe (before mass); prin dal incuintri (before the meeting); prime des funzions (before the services); prime dai cambiaments (before the changes); prin di doman (before tomorrow). Al va jù dal plevan: he goes down to the parish priest; here di is used to convey the sense of location. Another example: o voi jù dal becjâr (I go down to the butcher). Often it is preceded by li (there), as in: o soi lât li dal dentist (I went to the dentist's). Whereas al comande means he instructs, i comande means he instructs him (or her); literally, he instructs unto him (or unto her). Be reminded that cualchi is followed by the singular: cualchi altri avîs (a few other notices); cualchi altre femine (a few other women); cualchi altri ordin (a few other orders). Remember also that some speakers say altri, altre, altris with the l, whereas others say them without, as atri, atre, atris. Know moreover that in certain variants, such as western ones, these are atri, atra, atris, for instance: cualchi atra femina (a few other women); i atris oms (the other men); li atris feminis (the other women).
Preambul: paragraph 5, sentence 3.
Vocabulary: di chê bande (while at it); profitâsi (to take advantage); tirâ (to pull, to draw); lunc (long); tirâle in lunc (to drag things out); strucjâ fûr (to pour out); dut ce che (everything that); bulî (to boil); il stomi (stomach); une opinion (opinion); une critiche (criticism); une sentence (verdict, judgement); sul cont di (regarding, about); une persone (person); un fat (event).
The present participle of infinitives ending in â takes the form ant; for instance: strucjant (pouring); publicant (publishing); fevelant (speaking); cjapant (taking); sierant (closing). Fûr means out, forth, so strucjant fûr means pouring out. Dut ce che means everything that; for instance: dut ce che al fâs (eveything that he does); dut ce che o ài (everything that I have). In some variants of Friulian, such as western ones, ce is in fact said se. Whereas al bol means it boils, i bol means it boils unto him (or unto her); by adding tal stomi (in the stomach), where tal is the contraction of in and il, we obtain, from the text: dut ce che i bol tal stomi (everything that boils in his stomach; literally, everything that boils unto him in the stomach). Study the use in the text of i siei (masculine plural) and lis sôs (feminine plural) before the nouns opinions, coments, critichis, sentencis; both i siei and lis sôs here mean his. Sul cont des personis: about the people, with regard to the people. Sul cont dai fats: about the events, with regard to the events. Des is the contraction of di and lis, whereas dai is the contraction of di and i. The masculine plural fats is pronounced fas.
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